Skip to main content

ASTABLE MULTIVIBRATOR USING OP AMP



ASTABLE MULTIVIBRATOR USING OP AMP


Astable multivibrator is capable of producing square wave for a given frequency, Amplitude and Duty cycle.
The output of OP AMP is forced to swing between positive saturation, +Vsat and negative saturation, -Vsat repeatedly.
Which will results in Square wave output. This circuit is also called as Free Running Oscillator. Because, it doesn't requires any trigger pulse to get active.
The output of an operational amplifier will be in positive saturation Vsat, if the differential input voltage is negative and vice versa.
The differential voltage, Vd=Vc-βVsat.
Where β is the feedback factor and βVsat is the potential at non-inverting terminal of the op amp.

Consider the instant at which Vc=+Vsat. Now the capacitor charges exponentially towards +Vsat through R. Automatically, Vd increases and crosses zero. This happens when Vc=+βVsat. At the moment Vd becomes positive due to further charging of the capacitor. Output changes to -Vsat. Now capacitor starts discharging to zero and recharges towards -Vsat. Now Vd decreases and crosses zero. This happens when Vc=-βVsat. At the moment Vd becames negative again, output changes to +Vsat. This completes one cycle of output.
Astable multivibrator is useful for generating audio frequency signals.
Read More.....

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

NE566 Function Generator Circuit Diagram

The NE566 Function Generator is a Voltage-Controlled Oscillator of exceptional linearity with buf fered square wave and triangle wave outputs. The frequency of oscillation is determined by an external resistor and capacitor and the voltage applied to the control terminal. The Oscillator CAN be programmed over a ten-to-one frequency range by proper selection of an external resistance and modulated over a ten-to-one range by the control voltage, with exceptional linearity.  FMAX = 1 MHz     WIDE 1000:1 Continuous Sweep Possible  NE566 Function Generator Circuit Diagram Pdf Datasheet  Sourced by : Circuitsstream

Transceiver Homebrew QRP SSB 80M Band

Radio communication transceiver is a radio transmitter at the same time the plane doubles as a radio receiver used for communication purposes. It consists of the transmitter and the receiver are assembled in an integrated way. In mulamula generation, the transmitter or receiver or transmitter and receiver sections are assembled separately and is part of a stand sendirisendiri and can work well sendirisendiri Currently employed both parts are integrated in turn. Aircraft simple transmitter consists of an oscillator generating radio vibration and this vibration after vibration boarded with our voice, in a technique called dimodulir radio, then by the antenna is converted into radio waves and transmitted. As we know that the sound waves we can not reach long distances, although its power is quite large, while the radio waves with a relatively small force can reach a distance of thousands of kilometers. In order for our voice can reach a far distance, then our voice superimposed on radio w...

Altec Lansing 353A – power amplifier – vacuum tube type – Circuit diagram 6L6 12AX7

Used tubes – 12AX7 [pre-amplifier, tone control and audio pre-amplifier] – 6L6GC [audio output] Circuit diagram Tube pin-out -6L6 Tube pin-out 12AX7